// This source file is adapted from the WinUI project.
// (https://github.com/microsoft/microsoft-ui-xaml)

using AtomUI.Collections.Pooled;
using Avalonia;
using Avalonia.Controls;
using Avalonia.Controls.Primitives;
using Avalonia.Layout;
using Avalonia.Media;
using Avalonia.Media.Imaging;
using Avalonia.Platform;
using Avalonia.Utilities;

namespace AtomUI.Desktop.Controls.Primitives;

/// <summary>
/// Contains internal, special-purpose helpers used with the color picker.
/// </summary>
internal static class ColorPickerHelpers
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Generates a new bitmap of the specified size by changing a specific color component.
    /// This will produce a gradient representing a sweep of all possible values of the color component.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="bgraPixelData">The target buffer which will contain the bitmap data on return.</param>
    /// <param name="width">The pixel width (X, horizontal) of the resulting bitmap.</param>
    /// <param name="height">The pixel height (Y, vertical) of the resulting bitmap.</param>
    /// <param name="orientation">The orientation of the resulting bitmap (gradient direction).</param>
    /// <param name="colorModel">The color model being used: RGBA or HSVA.</param>
    /// <param name="component">The specific color component to sweep.</param>
    /// <param name="baseHsvColor">The base HSV color used for components not being changed.</param>
    /// <param name="isAlphaVisible">Whether the alpha component is visible and rendered in the bitmap.
    /// This property is ignored when the alpha component itself is being rendered.</param>
    /// <param name="isPerceptive">Whether the slider adapts rendering to improve user-perception over exactness.
    /// This will ensure colors are always discernible.</param>
    /// <returns>A new bitmap representing a gradient of color component values.</returns>
    public static Task CreateComponentBitmapAsync(
        PooledList<byte> bgraPixelData,
        int width,
        int height,
        Orientation orientation,
        ColorModel colorModel,
        ColorComponent component,
        HsvColor baseHsvColor,
        bool isAlphaVisible,
        bool isPerceptive)
    {
        if (width == 0 || height == 0)
        {
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }

        return Task.Run(() =>
        {
            int    pixelDataIndex = 0;
            double componentStep;
            Color  baseRgbColor = Colors.White;
            Color  rgbColor;
            int    bgraPixelDataHeight;
            int    bgraPixelDataWidth;

            // BGRA formatted color components 1 byte each (4 bytes in a pixel)
            bgraPixelDataHeight = height * 4;
            bgraPixelDataWidth  = width * 4;

            // Maximize alpha component value
            if (isAlphaVisible == false &&
                component != ColorComponent.Alpha)
            {
                baseHsvColor = new HsvColor(1.0, baseHsvColor.H, baseHsvColor.S, baseHsvColor.V);
            }

            // Convert HSV to RGB once
            if (colorModel == ColorModel.Rgba)
            {
                baseRgbColor = baseHsvColor.ToRgb();
            }

            // Apply any perceptive adjustments to the color
            if (isPerceptive &&
                component != ColorComponent.Alpha)
            {
                if (colorModel == ColorModel.Hsva)
                {
                    // Maximize Saturation and Value components
                    switch (component)
                    {
                        case ColorComponent.Component1: // Hue
                            baseHsvColor = new HsvColor(baseHsvColor.A, baseHsvColor.H, 1.0, 1.0);
                            break;
                        case ColorComponent.Component2: // Saturation
                            baseHsvColor = new HsvColor(baseHsvColor.A, baseHsvColor.H, baseHsvColor.S, 1.0);
                            break;
                        case ColorComponent.Component3: // Value
                            baseHsvColor = new HsvColor(baseHsvColor.A, baseHsvColor.H, 1.0, baseHsvColor.V);
                            break;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    // Minimize component values other than the current one
                    switch (component)
                    {
                        case ColorComponent.Component1: // Red
                            baseRgbColor = new Color(baseRgbColor.A, baseRgbColor.R, 0, 0);
                            break;
                        case ColorComponent.Component2: // Green
                            baseRgbColor = new Color(baseRgbColor.A, 0, baseRgbColor.G, 0);
                            break;
                        case ColorComponent.Component3: // Blue
                            baseRgbColor = new Color(baseRgbColor.A, 0, 0, baseRgbColor.B);
                            break;
                    }
                }
            }

            // Create the color component gradient
            if (orientation == Orientation.Horizontal)
            {
                // Determine the numerical increment of the color steps within the component
                if (colorModel == ColorModel.Hsva)
                {
                    if (component == ColorComponent.Component1)
                    {
                        componentStep = 360.0 / width;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        componentStep = 1.0 / width;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    componentStep = 255.0 / width;
                }

                for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
                {
                    for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
                    {
                        if (y == 0)
                        {
                            rgbColor = GetColor(x * componentStep);

                            // Get a new color
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 0] = Convert.ToByte(rgbColor.B * rgbColor.A / 255);
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 1] = Convert.ToByte(rgbColor.G * rgbColor.A / 255);
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 2] = Convert.ToByte(rgbColor.R * rgbColor.A / 255);
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 3] = rgbColor.A;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // Use the color in the row above
                            // Remember the pixel data is 1 dimensional instead of 2
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 0] = bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 0 - bgraPixelDataWidth];
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 1] = bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 1 - bgraPixelDataWidth];
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 2] = bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 2 - bgraPixelDataWidth];
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 3] = bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 3 - bgraPixelDataWidth];
                        }

                        pixelDataIndex += 4;
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                // Determine the numerical increment of the color steps within the component
                if (colorModel == ColorModel.Hsva)
                {
                    if (component == ColorComponent.Component1)
                    {
                        componentStep = 360.0 / height;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        componentStep = 1.0 / height;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    componentStep = 255.0 / height;
                }

                for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
                {
                    for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
                    {
                        if (x == 0)
                        {
                            // The lowest component value should be at the 'bottom' of the bitmap
                            rgbColor = GetColor((height - 1 - y) * componentStep);

                            // Get a new color
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 0] = Convert.ToByte(rgbColor.B * rgbColor.A / 255);
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 1] = Convert.ToByte(rgbColor.G * rgbColor.A / 255);
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 2] = Convert.ToByte(rgbColor.R * rgbColor.A / 255);
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 3] = rgbColor.A;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // Use the color in the column to the left
                            // Remember the pixel data is 1 dimensional instead of 2
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 0] = bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex - 4];
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 1] = bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex - 3];
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 2] = bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex - 2];
                            bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex + 3] = bgraPixelData[pixelDataIndex - 1];
                        }

                        pixelDataIndex += 4;
                    }
                }
            }

            Color GetColor(double componentValue)
            {
                Color newRgbColor = Colors.White;

                switch (component)
                {
                    case ColorComponent.Component1:
                    {
                        if (colorModel == ColorModel.Hsva)
                        {
                            // Sweep hue
                            newRgbColor = HsvColor.ToRgb(
                                MathUtilities.Clamp(componentValue, 0.0, 360.0),
                                baseHsvColor.S,
                                baseHsvColor.V,
                                baseHsvColor.A);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // Sweep red
                            newRgbColor = new Color(
                                baseRgbColor.A,
                                Convert.ToByte(MathUtilities.Clamp(componentValue, 0.0, 255.0)),
                                baseRgbColor.G,
                                baseRgbColor.B);
                        }

                        break;
                    }
                    case ColorComponent.Component2:
                    {
                        if (colorModel == ColorModel.Hsva)
                        {
                            // Sweep saturation
                            newRgbColor = HsvColor.ToRgb(
                                baseHsvColor.H,
                                MathUtilities.Clamp(componentValue, 0.0, 1.0),
                                baseHsvColor.V,
                                baseHsvColor.A);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // Sweep green
                            newRgbColor = new Color(
                                baseRgbColor.A,
                                baseRgbColor.R,
                                Convert.ToByte(MathUtilities.Clamp(componentValue, 0.0, 255.0)),
                                baseRgbColor.B);
                        }

                        break;
                    }
                    case ColorComponent.Component3:
                    {
                        if (colorModel == ColorModel.Hsva)
                        {
                            // Sweep value
                            newRgbColor = HsvColor.ToRgb(
                                baseHsvColor.H,
                                baseHsvColor.S,
                                MathUtilities.Clamp(componentValue, 0.0, 1.0),
                                baseHsvColor.A);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // Sweep blue
                            newRgbColor = new Color(
                                baseRgbColor.A,
                                baseRgbColor.R,
                                baseRgbColor.G,
                                Convert.ToByte(MathUtilities.Clamp(componentValue, 0.0, 255.0)));
                        }

                        break;
                    }
                    case ColorComponent.Alpha:
                    {
                        if (colorModel == ColorModel.Hsva)
                        {
                            // Sweep alpha
                            newRgbColor = HsvColor.ToRgb(
                                baseHsvColor.H,
                                baseHsvColor.S,
                                baseHsvColor.V,
                                MathUtilities.Clamp(componentValue, 0.0, 1.0));
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // Sweep alpha
                            newRgbColor = new Color(
                                Convert.ToByte(MathUtilities.Clamp(componentValue, 0.0, 255.0)),
                                baseRgbColor.R,
                                baseRgbColor.G,
                                baseRgbColor.B);
                        }

                        break;
                    }
                }

                return newRgbColor;
            }

            return bgraPixelData;
        });
    }

    public static Hsv IncrementColorComponent(
        Hsv originalHsv,
        HsvComponent component,
        IncrementDirection direction,
        IncrementAmount amount,
        bool shouldWrap,
        double minBound,
        double maxBound)
    {
        Hsv newHsv = originalHsv;

        if (amount == IncrementAmount.Small || !ColorHelper.ToDisplayNameExists)
        {
            // In order to avoid working with small values that can incur rounding issues,
            // we'll multiple saturation and value by 100 to put them in the range of 0-100 instead of 0-1.
            newHsv.S *= 100;
            newHsv.V *= 100;

            // Note: *valueToIncrement replaced with ref local variable for C#, must be initialized
            ref double valueToIncrement = ref newHsv.H;
            double     incrementAmount  = 0.0;

            // If we're adding a small increment, then we'll just add or subtract 1.
            // If we're adding a large increment, then we want to snap to the next
            // or previous major value - for hue, this is every increment of 30;
            // for saturation and value, this is every increment of 10.
            switch (component)
            {
                case HsvComponent.Hue:
                    valueToIncrement = ref newHsv.H;
                    incrementAmount  = amount == IncrementAmount.Small ? 1 : 30;
                    break;

                case HsvComponent.Saturation:
                    valueToIncrement = ref newHsv.S;
                    incrementAmount  = amount == IncrementAmount.Small ? 1 : 10;
                    break;

                case HsvComponent.Value:
                    valueToIncrement = ref newHsv.V;
                    incrementAmount  = amount == IncrementAmount.Small ? 1 : 10;
                    break;

                default:
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid HsvComponent.");
            }

            double previousValue = valueToIncrement;

            valueToIncrement += (direction == IncrementDirection.Lower ? -incrementAmount : incrementAmount);

            // If the value has reached outside the bounds, we were previous at the boundary, and we should wrap,
            // then we'll place the selection on the other side of the spectrum.
            // Otherwise, we'll place it on the boundary that was exceeded.
            if (valueToIncrement < minBound)
            {
                valueToIncrement = (shouldWrap && previousValue == minBound) ? maxBound : minBound;
            }

            if (valueToIncrement > maxBound)
            {
                valueToIncrement = (shouldWrap && previousValue == maxBound) ? minBound : maxBound;
            }

            // We multiplied saturation and value by 100 previously, so now we want to put them back in the 0-1 range.
            newHsv.S /= 100;
            newHsv.V /= 100;
        }
        else
        {
            // While working with named colors, we're going to need to be working in actual HSV units,
            // so we'll divide the min bound and max bound by 100 in the case of saturation or value,
            // since we'll have received units between 0-100 and we need them within 0-1.
            if (component == HsvComponent.Saturation ||
                component == HsvComponent.Value)
            {
                minBound /= 100;
                maxBound /= 100;
            }

            newHsv = FindNextNamedColor(originalHsv, component, direction, shouldWrap, minBound, maxBound);
        }

        return newHsv;
    }

    public static Hsv FindNextNamedColor(
        Hsv originalHsv,
        HsvComponent component,
        IncrementDirection direction,
        bool shouldWrap,
        double minBound,
        double maxBound)
    {
        // There's no easy way to directly get the next named color, so what we'll do
        // is just iterate in the direction that we want to find it until we find a color
        // in that direction that has a color name different than our current color name.
        // Once we find a new color name, then we'll iterate across that color name until
        // we find its bounds on the other side, and then select the color that is exactly
        // in the middle of that color's bounds.
        Hsv newHsv = originalHsv;
            
        string originalColorName = ColorHelper.ToDisplayName(originalHsv.ToRgb().ToColor());
        string newColorName      = originalColorName;

        // Note: *newValue replaced with ref local variable for C#, must be initialized
        double     originalValue   = 0.0;
        ref double newValue        = ref newHsv.H;
        double     incrementAmount = 0.0;

        switch (component)
        {
            case HsvComponent.Hue:
                originalValue   = originalHsv.H;
                newValue        = ref newHsv.H;
                incrementAmount = 1;
                break;

            case HsvComponent.Saturation:
                originalValue   = originalHsv.S;
                newValue        = ref newHsv.S;
                incrementAmount = 0.01;
                break;

            case HsvComponent.Value:
                originalValue   = originalHsv.V;
                newValue        = ref newHsv.V;
                incrementAmount = 0.01;
                break;

            default:
                throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid HsvComponent.");
        }

        bool shouldFindMidPoint = true;

        while (newColorName == originalColorName)
        {
            double previousValue = newValue;
            newValue += (direction == IncrementDirection.Lower ? -1 : 1) * incrementAmount;

            bool justWrapped = false;

            // If we've hit a boundary, then either we should wrap or we shouldn't.
            // If we should, then we'll perform that wrapping if we were previously up against
            // the boundary that we've now hit.  Otherwise, we'll stop at that boundary.
            if (newValue > maxBound)
            {
                if (shouldWrap)
                {
                    newValue    = minBound;
                    justWrapped = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    newValue           = maxBound;
                    shouldFindMidPoint = false;
                    newColorName       = ColorHelper.ToDisplayName(newHsv.ToRgb().ToColor());
                    break;
                }
            }
            else if (newValue < minBound)
            {
                if (shouldWrap)
                {
                    newValue    = maxBound;
                    justWrapped = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    newValue           = minBound;
                    shouldFindMidPoint = false;
                    newColorName       = ColorHelper.ToDisplayName(newHsv.ToRgb().ToColor());
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (!justWrapped &&
                previousValue != originalValue &&
                Math.Sign(newValue - originalValue) != Math.Sign(previousValue - originalValue))
            {
                // If we've wrapped all the way back to the start and have failed to find a new color name,
                // then we'll just quit - there isn't a new color name that we're going to find.
                shouldFindMidPoint = false;
                break;
            }

            newColorName = ColorHelper.ToDisplayName(newHsv.ToRgb().ToColor());
        }

        if (shouldFindMidPoint)
        {
            Hsv    startHsv         = newHsv;
            Hsv    currentHsv       = startHsv;
            double startEndOffset   = 0;
            string currentColorName = newColorName;

            // Note: *startValue/*currentValue replaced with ref local variables for C#, must be initialized
            ref double startValue    = ref startHsv.H;
            ref double currentValue  = ref currentHsv.H;
            double     wrapIncrement = 0;

            switch (component)
            {
                case HsvComponent.Hue:
                    startValue    = ref startHsv.H;
                    currentValue  = ref currentHsv.H;
                    wrapIncrement = 360.0;
                    break;

                case HsvComponent.Saturation:
                    startValue    = ref startHsv.S;
                    currentValue  = ref currentHsv.S;
                    wrapIncrement = 1.0;
                    break;

                case HsvComponent.Value:
                    startValue    = ref startHsv.V;
                    currentValue  = ref currentHsv.V;
                    wrapIncrement = 1.0;
                    break;

                default:
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid HsvComponent.");
            }

            while (newColorName == currentColorName)
            {
                currentValue += (direction == IncrementDirection.Lower ? -1 : 1) * incrementAmount;

                // If we've hit a boundary, then either we should wrap or we shouldn't.
                // If we should, then we'll perform that wrapping if we were previously up against
                // the boundary that we've now hit.  Otherwise, we'll stop at that boundary.
                if (currentValue > maxBound)
                {
                    if (shouldWrap)
                    {
                        currentValue   = minBound;
                        startEndOffset = maxBound - minBound;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        currentValue = maxBound;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                else if (currentValue < minBound)
                {
                    if (shouldWrap)
                    {
                        currentValue   = maxBound;
                        startEndOffset = minBound - maxBound;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        currentValue = minBound;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                currentColorName = ColorHelper.ToDisplayName(currentHsv.ToRgb().ToColor());
            }

            newValue = (startValue + currentValue + startEndOffset) / 2;

            // Dividing by 2 may have gotten us halfway through a single step, so we'll
            // remove that half-step if it exists.
            double leftoverValue = Math.Abs(newValue);

            while (leftoverValue > incrementAmount)
            {
                leftoverValue -= incrementAmount;
            }

            newValue -= leftoverValue;

            while (newValue < minBound)
            {
                newValue += wrapIncrement;
            }

            while (newValue > maxBound)
            {
                newValue -= wrapIncrement;
            }
        }

        return newHsv;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Converts the given raw BGRA pre-multiplied alpha pixel data into a bitmap.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="bgraPixelData">The bitmap (in raw BGRA pre-multiplied alpha pixels).</param>
    /// <param name="pixelWidth">The pixel width of the bitmap.</param>
    /// <param name="pixelHeight">The pixel height of the bitmap.</param>
    /// <returns>A new <see cref="WriteableBitmap"/>.</returns>
    public static unsafe Bitmap CreateBitmapFromPixelData(
        PooledList<byte> bgraPixelData,
        int pixelWidth,
        int pixelHeight)
    {
        fixed (byte* array = bgraPixelData.Span)
        {
            return new Bitmap(PixelFormat.Bgra8888, AlphaFormat.Premul, new IntPtr(array),
                new PixelSize(pixelWidth, pixelHeight),
                new Vector(96, 96), pixelWidth * 4);
        }
    }
}