/*
 * Copyright 2012-present the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.boot.cli.json;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

// Note: this class was written without inspecting the non-free org.json source code.

/**
 * A dense indexed sequence of values. Values may be any mix of {@link JSONObject
 * JSONObjects}, other {@link JSONArray JSONArrays}, Strings, Booleans, Integers, Longs,
 * Doubles, {@code null} or {@link JSONObject#NULL}. Values may not be
 * {@link Double#isNaN() NaNs}, {@link Double#isInfinite() infinities}, or of any type not
 * listed here.
 * <p>
 * {@code JSONArray} has the same type coercion behavior and optional/mandatory accessors
 * as {@link JSONObject}. See that class' documentation for details.
 * <p>
 * <strong>Warning:</strong> this class represents null in two incompatible ways: the
 * standard Java {@code null} reference, and the sentinel value {@link JSONObject#NULL}.
 * In particular, {@code get} fails if the requested index holds the null reference, but
 * succeeds if it holds {@code JSONObject.NULL}.
 * <p>
 * Instances of this class are not thread safe. Although this class is nonfinal, it was
 * not designed for inheritance and should not be subclassed. In particular, self-use by
 * overridable methods is not specified. See <i>Effective Java</i> Item 17, "Design and
 * Document or inheritance or else prohibit it" for further information.
 */
public class JSONArray {

	private final List<Object> values;

	/**
	 * Creates a {@code JSONArray} with no values.
	 */
	public JSONArray() {
		this.values = new ArrayList<>();
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a new {@code JSONArray} by copying all values from the given collection.
	 * @param copyFrom a collection whose values are of supported types. Unsupported
	 * values are not permitted and will yield an array in an inconsistent state.
	 */
	/* Accept a raw type for API compatibility */
	@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
	public JSONArray(Collection copyFrom) {
		this();
		if (copyFrom != null) {
			for (Iterator it = copyFrom.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
				put(JSONObject.wrap(it.next()));
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a new {@code JSONArray} with values from the next array in the tokener.
	 * @param readFrom a tokener whose nextValue() method will yield a {@code JSONArray}.
	 * @throws JSONException if the parse fails or doesn't yield a {@code JSONArray}.
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public JSONArray(JSONTokener readFrom) throws JSONException {
		/*
		 * Getting the parser to populate this could get tricky. Instead, just parse to
		 * temporary JSONArray and then steal the data from that.
		 */
		Object object = readFrom.nextValue();
		if (object instanceof JSONArray) {
			this.values = ((JSONArray) object).values;
		}
		else {
			throw JSON.typeMismatch(object, "JSONArray");
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a new {@code JSONArray} with values from the JSON string.
	 * @param json a JSON-encoded string containing an array.
	 * @throws JSONException if the parse fails or doesn't yield a {@code
	 *     JSONArray}.
	 */
	public JSONArray(String json) throws JSONException {
		this(new JSONTokener(json));
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a new {@code JSONArray} with values from the given primitive array.
	 * @param array a primitive array
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public JSONArray(Object array) throws JSONException {
		if (!array.getClass().isArray()) {
			throw new JSONException("Not a primitive array: " + array.getClass());
		}
		final int length = Array.getLength(array);
		this.values = new ArrayList<>(length);
		for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
			put(JSONObject.wrap(Array.get(array, i)));
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the number of values in this array.
	 * @return the length of this array
	 */
	public int length() {
		return this.values.size();
	}

	/**
	 * Appends {@code value} to the end of this array.
	 * @param value the value
	 * @return this array.
	 */
	public JSONArray put(boolean value) {
		this.values.add(value);
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Appends {@code value} to the end of this array.
	 * @param value a finite value. May not be {@link Double#isNaN() NaNs} or
	 * {@link Double#isInfinite() infinities}.
	 * @return this array.
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public JSONArray put(double value) throws JSONException {
		this.values.add(JSON.checkDouble(value));
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Appends {@code value} to the end of this array.
	 * @param value the value
	 * @return this array.
	 */
	public JSONArray put(int value) {
		this.values.add(value);
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Appends {@code value} to the end of this array.
	 * @param value the value
	 * @return this array.
	 */
	public JSONArray put(long value) {
		this.values.add(value);
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Appends {@code value} to the end of this array.
	 * @param value a {@link JSONObject}, {@link JSONArray}, String, Boolean, Integer,
	 * Long, Double, {@link JSONObject#NULL}, or {@code null}. May not be
	 * {@link Double#isNaN() NaNs} or {@link Double#isInfinite() infinities}. Unsupported
	 * values are not permitted and will cause the array to be in an inconsistent state.
	 * @return this array.
	 */
	public JSONArray put(Object value) {
		this.values.add(value);
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the value at {@code index} to {@code value}, null padding this array to the
	 * required length if necessary. If a value already exists at {@code
	 * index}, it will be replaced.
	 * @param index the index to set the value to
	 * @param value the value
	 * @return this array.
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public JSONArray put(int index, boolean value) throws JSONException {
		return put(index, (Boolean) value);
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the value at {@code index} to {@code value}, null padding this array to the
	 * required length if necessary. If a value already exists at {@code
	 * index}, it will be replaced.
	 * @param index the index to set the value to
	 * @param value a finite value. May not be {@link Double#isNaN() NaNs} or
	 * {@link Double#isInfinite() infinities}.
	 * @return this array.
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public JSONArray put(int index, double value) throws JSONException {
		return put(index, (Double) value);
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the value at {@code index} to {@code value}, null padding this array to the
	 * required length if necessary. If a value already exists at {@code
	 * index}, it will be replaced.
	 * @param index the index to set the value to
	 * @param value the value
	 * @return this array.
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public JSONArray put(int index, int value) throws JSONException {
		return put(index, (Integer) value);
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the value at {@code index} to {@code value}, null padding this array to the
	 * required length if necessary. If a value already exists at {@code
	 * index}, it will be replaced.
	 * @param index the index to set the value to
	 * @param value the value
	 * @return this array.
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public JSONArray put(int index, long value) throws JSONException {
		return put(index, (Long) value);
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the value at {@code index} to {@code value}, null padding this array to the
	 * required length if necessary. If a value already exists at {@code
	 * index}, it will be replaced.
	 * @param index the index to set the value to
	 * @param value a {@link JSONObject}, {@link JSONArray}, String, Boolean, Integer,
	 * Long, Double, {@link JSONObject#NULL}, or {@code null}. May not be
	 * {@link Double#isNaN() NaNs} or {@link Double#isInfinite() infinities}.
	 * @return this array.
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public JSONArray put(int index, Object value) throws JSONException {
		if (value instanceof Number) {
			// deviate from the original by checking all Numbers, not just floats &
			// doubles
			JSON.checkDouble(((Number) value).doubleValue());
		}
		while (this.values.size() <= index) {
			this.values.add(null);
		}
		this.values.set(index, value);
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns true if this array has no value at {@code index}, or if its value is the
	 * {@code null} reference or {@link JSONObject#NULL}.
	 * @param index the index to set the value to
	 * @return true if this array has no value at {@code index}
	 */
	public boolean isNull(int index) {
		Object value = opt(index);
		return value == null || value == JSONObject.NULL;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index}.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the value at {@code index}.
	 * @throws JSONException if this array has no value at {@code index}, or if that value
	 * is the {@code null} reference. This method returns normally if the value is
	 * {@code JSONObject#NULL}.
	 */
	public Object get(int index) throws JSONException {
		try {
			Object value = this.values.get(index);
			if (value == null) {
				throw new JSONException("Value at " + index + " is null.");
			}
			return value;
		}
		catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
			throw new JSONException("Index " + index + " out of range [0.." + this.values.size() + ")");
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index}, or null if the array has no value at
	 * {@code index}.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the value at {@code index} or {@code null}
	 */
	public Object opt(int index) {
		if (index < 0 || index >= this.values.size()) {
			return null;
		}
		return this.values.get(index);
	}

	/**
	 * Removes and returns the value at {@code index}, or null if the array has no value
	 * at {@code index}.
	 * @param index the index of the value to remove
	 * @return the previous value at {@code index}
	 */
	public Object remove(int index) {
		if (index < 0 || index >= this.values.size()) {
			return null;
		}
		return this.values.remove(index);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a boolean or can be coerced
	 * to a boolean.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the value at {@code index}
	 * @throws JSONException if the value at {@code index} doesn't exist or cannot be
	 * coerced to a boolean.
	 */
	public boolean getBoolean(int index) throws JSONException {
		Object object = get(index);
		Boolean result = JSON.toBoolean(object);
		if (result == null) {
			throw JSON.typeMismatch(index, object, "boolean");
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a boolean or can be coerced
	 * to a boolean. Returns false otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the {@code value} or {@code false}
	 */
	public boolean optBoolean(int index) {
		return optBoolean(index, false);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a boolean or can be coerced
	 * to a boolean. Returns {@code fallback} otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @param fallback the fallback value
	 * @return the value at {@code index} of {@code fallback}
	 */
	public boolean optBoolean(int index, boolean fallback) {
		Object object = opt(index);
		Boolean result = JSON.toBoolean(object);
		return result != null ? result : fallback;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a double or can be coerced
	 * to a double.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the {@code value}
	 * @throws JSONException if the value at {@code index} doesn't exist or cannot be
	 * coerced to a double.
	 */
	public double getDouble(int index) throws JSONException {
		Object object = get(index);
		Double result = JSON.toDouble(object);
		if (result == null) {
			throw JSON.typeMismatch(index, object, "double");
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a double or can be coerced
	 * to a double. Returns {@code NaN} otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the {@code value} or {@code NaN}
	 */
	public double optDouble(int index) {
		return optDouble(index, Double.NaN);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a double or can be coerced
	 * to a double. Returns {@code fallback} otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @param fallback the fallback value
	 * @return the value at {@code index} of {@code fallback}
	 */
	public double optDouble(int index, double fallback) {
		Object object = opt(index);
		Double result = JSON.toDouble(object);
		return result != null ? result : fallback;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is an int or can be coerced to
	 * an int.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the {@code value}
	 * @throws JSONException if the value at {@code index} doesn't exist or cannot be
	 * coerced to an int.
	 */
	public int getInt(int index) throws JSONException {
		Object object = get(index);
		Integer result = JSON.toInteger(object);
		if (result == null) {
			throw JSON.typeMismatch(index, object, "int");
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is an int or can be coerced to
	 * an int. Returns 0 otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the {@code value} or {@code 0}
	 */
	public int optInt(int index) {
		return optInt(index, 0);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is an int or can be coerced to
	 * an int. Returns {@code fallback} otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @param fallback the fallback value
	 * @return the value at {@code index} of {@code fallback}
	 */
	public int optInt(int index, int fallback) {
		Object object = opt(index);
		Integer result = JSON.toInteger(object);
		return result != null ? result : fallback;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a long or can be coerced to
	 * a long.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the {@code value}
	 * @throws JSONException if the value at {@code index} doesn't exist or cannot be
	 * coerced to a long.
	 */
	public long getLong(int index) throws JSONException {
		Object object = get(index);
		Long result = JSON.toLong(object);
		if (result == null) {
			throw JSON.typeMismatch(index, object, "long");
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a long or can be coerced to
	 * a long. Returns 0 otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the {@code value} or {@code 0}
	 */
	public long optLong(int index) {
		return optLong(index, 0L);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a long or can be coerced to
	 * a long. Returns {@code fallback} otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @param fallback the fallback value
	 * @return the value at {@code index} of {@code fallback}
	 */
	public long optLong(int index, long fallback) {
		Object object = opt(index);
		Long result = JSON.toLong(object);
		return result != null ? result : fallback;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists, coercing it if necessary.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the {@code value}
	 * @throws JSONException if no such value exists.
	 */
	public String getString(int index) throws JSONException {
		Object object = get(index);
		String result = JSON.toString(object);
		if (result == null) {
			throw JSON.typeMismatch(index, object, "String");
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists, coercing it if necessary. Returns
	 * the empty string if no such value exists.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the {@code value} or an empty string
	 */
	public String optString(int index) {
		return optString(index, "");
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists, coercing it if necessary. Returns
	 * {@code fallback} if no such value exists.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @param fallback the fallback value
	 * @return the value at {@code index} of {@code fallback}
	 */
	public String optString(int index, String fallback) {
		Object object = opt(index);
		String result = JSON.toString(object);
		return result != null ? result : fallback;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a {@code
	 * JSONArray}.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the array at {@code index}
	 * @throws JSONException if the value doesn't exist or is not a {@code
	 *     JSONArray}.
	 */
	public JSONArray getJSONArray(int index) throws JSONException {
		Object object = get(index);
		if (object instanceof JSONArray) {
			return (JSONArray) object;
		}
		else {
			throw JSON.typeMismatch(index, object, "JSONArray");
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a {@code
	 * JSONArray}. Returns null otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the array at {@code index} or {@code null}
	 */
	public JSONArray optJSONArray(int index) {
		Object object = opt(index);
		return object instanceof JSONArray ? (JSONArray) object : null;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a {@code
	 * JSONObject}.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the object at {@code index}
	 * @throws JSONException if the value doesn't exist or is not a {@code
	 *     JSONObject}.
	 */
	public JSONObject getJSONObject(int index) throws JSONException {
		Object object = get(index);
		if (object instanceof JSONObject) {
			return (JSONObject) object;
		}
		else {
			throw JSON.typeMismatch(index, object, "JSONObject");
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the value at {@code index} if it exists and is a {@code
	 * JSONObject}. Returns null otherwise.
	 * @param index the index to get the value from
	 * @return the object at {@code index} or {@code null}
	 */
	public JSONObject optJSONObject(int index) {
		Object object = opt(index);
		return object instanceof JSONObject ? (JSONObject) object : null;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a new object whose values are the values in this array, and whose names are
	 * the values in {@code names}. Names and values are paired up by index from 0 through
	 * to the shorter array's length. Names that are not strings will be coerced to
	 * strings. This method returns null if either array is empty.
	 * @param names the property names
	 * @return a json object
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public JSONObject toJSONObject(JSONArray names) throws JSONException {
		JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
		int length = Math.min(names.length(), this.values.size());
		if (length == 0) {
			return null;
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			String name = JSON.toString(names.opt(i));
			result.put(name, opt(i));
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a new string by alternating this array's values with {@code
	 * separator}. This array's string values are quoted and have their special characters
	 * escaped. For example, the array containing the strings '12" pizza', 'taco' and
	 * 'soda' joined on '+' returns this: <pre>"12\" pizza"+"taco"+"soda"</pre>
	 * @param separator the separator to use
	 * @return the joined value
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public String join(String separator) throws JSONException {
		JSONStringer stringer = new JSONStringer();
		stringer.open(JSONStringer.Scope.NULL, "");
		for (int i = 0, size = this.values.size(); i < size; i++) {
			if (i > 0) {
				stringer.out.append(separator);
			}
			stringer.value(this.values.get(i));
		}
		stringer.close(JSONStringer.Scope.NULL, JSONStringer.Scope.NULL, "");
		return stringer.out.toString();
	}

	/**
	 * Encodes this array as a compact JSON string, such as: <pre>[94043,90210]</pre>
	 * @return a compact JSON string representation of this array
	 */
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		try {
			JSONStringer stringer = new JSONStringer();
			writeTo(stringer);
			return stringer.toString();
		}
		catch (JSONException e) {
			return null;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Encodes this array as a human-readable JSON string for debugging, such as: <pre>
	 * [
	 *     94043,
	 *     90210
	 * ]</pre>
	 * @param indentSpaces the number of spaces to indent for each level of nesting.
	 * @return a human-readable JSON string of this array
	 * @throws JSONException if processing of json failed
	 */
	public String toString(int indentSpaces) throws JSONException {
		JSONStringer stringer = new JSONStringer(indentSpaces);
		writeTo(stringer);
		return stringer.toString();
	}

	void writeTo(JSONStringer stringer) throws JSONException {
		stringer.array();
		for (Object value : this.values) {
			stringer.value(value);
		}
		stringer.endArray();
	}

	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object o) {
		return o instanceof JSONArray && ((JSONArray) o).values.equals(this.values);
	}

	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		// diverge from the original, which doesn't implement hashCode
		return this.values.hashCode();
	}

}
