/*
 * Copyright 2012-present the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.boot.web.context.servlet;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.function.Supplier;

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinitionCustomizer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanNameGenerator;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigRegistry;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigUtils;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ScopeMetadataResolver;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.GenericWebApplicationContext;

/**
 * {@link GenericWebApplicationContext} that accepts annotated classes as input - in
 * particular {@link Configuration @Configuration}-annotated classes, but also plain
 * {@link Component @Component} classes and JSR-330 compliant classes using
 * {@code javax.inject} annotations. Allows for registering classes one by one (specifying
 * class names as config location) as well as for classpath scanning (specifying base
 * packages as config location).
 * <p>
 * Note: In case of multiple {@code @Configuration} classes, later {@code @Bean}
 * definitions will override ones defined in earlier loaded files. This can be leveraged
 * to deliberately override certain bean definitions through an extra Configuration class.
 *
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @since 2.2.0
 * @see #register(Class...)
 * @see #scan(String...)
 */
public class AnnotationConfigServletWebApplicationContext extends GenericWebApplicationContext
		implements AnnotationConfigRegistry {

	private final AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader reader;

	private final ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner;

	private final Set<Class<?>> annotatedClasses = new LinkedHashSet<>();

	private String @Nullable [] basePackages;

	/**
	 * Create a new {@link AnnotationConfigServletWebApplicationContext} that needs to be
	 * populated through {@link #register} calls and then manually {@linkplain #refresh
	 * refreshed}.
	 */
	public AnnotationConfigServletWebApplicationContext() {
		this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
		this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new {@link AnnotationConfigServletWebApplicationContext} with the given
	 * {@code DefaultListableBeanFactory}. The context needs to be populated through
	 * {@link #register} calls and then manually {@linkplain #refresh refreshed}.
	 * @param beanFactory the DefaultListableBeanFactory instance to use for this context
	 */
	public AnnotationConfigServletWebApplicationContext(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		super(beanFactory);
		this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
		this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new {@link AnnotationConfigServletWebApplicationContext}, deriving bean
	 * definitions from the given annotated classes and automatically refreshing the
	 * context.
	 * @param annotatedClasses one or more annotated classes, e.g. {@code @Configuration}
	 * classes
	 */
	public AnnotationConfigServletWebApplicationContext(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
		this();
		register(annotatedClasses);
		refresh();
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new {@link AnnotationConfigServletWebApplicationContext}, scanning for
	 * bean definitions in the given packages and automatically refreshing the context.
	 * @param basePackages the packages to check for annotated classes
	 */
	public AnnotationConfigServletWebApplicationContext(String... basePackages) {
		this();
		scan(basePackages);
		refresh();
	}

	/**
	 * {@inheritDoc}
	 * <p>
	 * Delegates given environment to underlying {@link AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader} and
	 * {@link ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner} members.
	 */
	@Override
	public void setEnvironment(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
		super.setEnvironment(environment);
		this.reader.setEnvironment(environment);
		this.scanner.setEnvironment(environment);
	}

	/**
	 * Provide a custom {@link BeanNameGenerator} for use with
	 * {@link AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader} and/or
	 * {@link ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner}, if any.
	 * <p>
	 * Default is
	 * {@link org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationBeanNameGenerator}.
	 * <p>
	 * Any call to this method must occur prior to calls to {@link #register(Class...)}
	 * and/or {@link #scan(String...)}.
	 * @param beanNameGenerator the bean name generator
	 * @see AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader#setBeanNameGenerator
	 * @see ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#setBeanNameGenerator
	 */
	public void setBeanNameGenerator(BeanNameGenerator beanNameGenerator) {
		this.reader.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator);
		this.scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator);
		getBeanFactory().registerSingleton(AnnotationConfigUtils.CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR, beanNameGenerator);
	}

	/**
	 * Set the {@link ScopeMetadataResolver} to use for detected bean classes.
	 * <p>
	 * The default is an {@link AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver}.
	 * <p>
	 * Any call to this method must occur prior to calls to {@link #register(Class...)}
	 * and/or {@link #scan(String...)}.
	 * @param scopeMetadataResolver the scope metadata resolver
	 */
	public void setScopeMetadataResolver(ScopeMetadataResolver scopeMetadataResolver) {
		this.reader.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver);
		this.scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver);
	}

	/**
	 * Register one or more annotated classes to be processed. Note that
	 * {@link #refresh()} must be called in order for the context to fully process the new
	 * class.
	 * <p>
	 * Calls to {@code #register} are idempotent; adding the same annotated class more
	 * than once has no additional effect.
	 * @param annotatedClasses one or more annotated classes, e.g. {@code @Configuration}
	 * classes
	 * @see #scan(String...)
	 * @see #refresh()
	 */
	@Override
	public final void register(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
		Assert.notEmpty(annotatedClasses, "'annotatedClasses' must not be empty");
		this.annotatedClasses.addAll(Arrays.asList(annotatedClasses));
	}

	/**
	 * Perform a scan within the specified base packages. Note that {@link #refresh()}
	 * must be called in order for the context to fully process the new class.
	 * @param basePackages the packages to check for annotated classes
	 * @see #register(Class...)
	 * @see #refresh()
	 */
	@Override
	public final void scan(String... basePackages) {
		Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "'basePackages' must not be empty");
		this.basePackages = basePackages;
	}

	@Override
	protected void prepareRefresh() {
		this.scanner.clearCache();
		super.prepareRefresh();
	}

	@Override
	protected void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		super.postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
		if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(this.basePackages)) {
			this.scanner.scan(this.basePackages);
		}
		if (!this.annotatedClasses.isEmpty()) {
			this.reader.register(ClassUtils.toClassArray(this.annotatedClasses));
		}
	}

	@Override
	public <T> void registerBean(@Nullable String beanName, Class<T> beanClass, @Nullable Supplier<T> supplier,
			BeanDefinitionCustomizer... customizers) {
		this.reader.registerBean(beanClass, beanName, supplier, customizers);
	}

}
